2. Energy-saving and environmental protection industry Energy-efficient industry Advanced environmental protection industry Resource recycling industry

3. New generation information technology industry Next generation information network industry Fundamental industry of core electronics High-end software and new information service industry

4. Biology industry Bio-pharmaceutical industry Bio-medical engineering industry Bio-breeding industry Bio-manufacturing industry

5. High-end equipment manufacturing industry Aviation equipment industry Satellite and its application industry Rail transportation equipment industry Marine engineering equipment industry Intelligent equipment-manufacturing industry

6. New energy industry Nuclear energy technology industry Wind energy industry Solar energy industry Biomass industry

7. New material industry New functional material industry Advanced structural material industry High-performance composite material industry Major projects –

Source; 25/7/2012 www.china-briefing.com/news/2012/07/25/china-releases-12th-five-year-plan-for-national-strategic-emerging-industries.html See more at: www.china-briefing.com/news/2012/07/25/china-releases-12th-five-year-plan-for-national-strategic-emerging-industries.html#sthash.eDDp8kh4.dpuf (Total investment: $500 trillion in 5 years; source http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2013/10/24/why-china-isnt-an-innovation-powerhouse/)

Denmark

2001 (KP6)
obalisation-new economy-IT

· new safer medicines

· wind energy

· integrated industrial production

· nanotechnology

· health, environment and safe foodstuffs

· IT and learning

Source: Position paper t.a.v. 6FP; 14/12/2000

2001

The priorities for 2001 and the three forthcoming years are (all in all 275 mil. d.kr.):

· Network society, IT-learning and Integrated Production

· Genomics

· Health, the environment and food

· Sustainable energy supply and energy production

Source: Danish Ministry of Research; “WeBu”; www.forsk.dk/shf/opslag/tvaer_forsk/opslag.htm.

Estonia

Estonian Research and Development Strategy 2002-2006. Knowldege-based Estonia www.riigikantselei.ee/tan-en

EU

2013

· Access to Research Data;

· Cross-border Collaboration;

· Gender and Other Diversity Issues;

· Open Access to Research Publications;

· Research Careers;

· Research Infrastructures;

· Research Integrity;

· Research Policy and Programme Evaluation;

· Science in Society.

· www.scienceeurope.org/uploads/PublicDocumentsAndSpeeches/ScienceEurope_Roadmap.pdf

2012

See

- Horizon 2020

- ‘flagship’ at http://cordis/europa.eu

2011

EU 2011-2012: Education, Research & Innovation

Source: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/11/st11/st11447.en11.pdf

March 2010

Investments:

· sustainability

· preservation and control of natural resources

· citizenship, freedom, safety and justice

· EU as a global player

· administration

· compensations

http://ec.europa.eu/budget/prior_future/fin_framework_en.htm

2008

· people

· research & innovation

· enterprise

· economy & climate change

Source: Lisbon Strategy 2008-2010

EU Areas of research http://ec.europa.eu/research/index.cfm?lg=en&pg=who&cat=a

EC Plans 2008 ((March 2007): Prosperity, Solidarity, Safety and Europe as Partner in the World

High on the agenda:

· energy

· climate change

· migration

· Lisbon Strategy Revisited

Relevant for the domain of Education, Culture and Science:

- Life Long Learning

- European Citizenship and Protection of Constitutional Rights

- Inter Cultural Dialogue

- Multi Linguistics

- ERT & EIT

Source: personal communication by informal newsletter(March 2007)

2007-2010 FWP7

· Health

· Food, agriculture and biotechnology

· Information and communication technologies

· Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies

· Energy

· Environment (including climate change)

· Transport (including aeronautics)

· Socio-economic sciences and the humanities

· Security and space

Source:

- http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch?CALLER=PROGLINK_FP7_EN&ACTION=D&DOC=1&CAT=PROG&QUERY=1168862896449&RCN=837

- www.europarl.eu.int/news/expert/infopress_page/034-7022-093-04-14-905-20060404IPR07021-03-04-2006-2006-false/default_en.htm

2005 (6 Joint Tech Initiatives)

· hydrogen and fuel cells

· aeronautics and air transport

· innovative medicines

· nano electronics technologies (2020)

· embedded computing systems

· global monitoring for environment and security (GMES).

Source EC: Communication COM(2004)353 "Science and technology, the key to Europe's future - Guidelines for future European Union policy to support research", the Commission has identified six areas where a Joint Technology Initiatives: http://www.cordis.lu/technology-platforms/

2004

· improve researcher mobility

· independent European research Council

· European patent (IP)

· For sustainable environmental improvements: investments in ‘eco-innovations’

Source: High Level Group ‘Kok’ http://europa.eu.int/comm/lisbon_strategy/pdf/2004-1866-EN-complet.pdf

http://europe.eu.int/comm/research/future/index_en.html

2001

· Genomics and Biotechnologie for Health;

· Information Society Technologies Nano-technology, intelligent materials and new production processes

· Aeronautics and Space;

· Food safety and Health Risk

· Sustainable development and Global Change

· Citizens and Governance in the knowledge-based society

Source: 20010053(COD) multilateral framework programme 2002-2006 EC; see http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/pdf/com-2001-94-en.pdf

EU and Japan

6/6/2007 EU and Japan joint priorities research and innovation

· research cooperartion,

· IPR

· collaboration between the public and private sectors

· developing an innovation-friendly environment

· And sevtor specific: life sciences, information and communication technologies (ICT), nanotechnology and energy/climate change Source:http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch?CALLER=EN_NEWS_PRES&ACTION=D&RCN=27797&DOC=1&CAT=NEWS&QUERY=1

EU and USA

2004

· Umwelt/Environment

· Biomedizin und Gesundheitswesen/ Health care and biotechnology

· Nicht-nukleare Energie/ Non-nuclear energy

· Telematik /Telematiks and training

· Management, Ausbildung und Mobilität von Wissenschaftlern / Researcher mobility

· Wissenschafts- und Technologiepolitik/ (??)

Source: Oct. 13th; 2004: (German) http://www.internationale-kooperation.de/index.php?fm=3099

Source: Oct. 11th; 2004: (English) http://dbs.cordis.lu/fep-cgi/srchidadb?CALLER=FP6_NEWS&ACTION=D&SESSION=&RCN=EN_RCN_ID:22745

Finland / Suomi

2008

1. Learning and Learning Society

2. Services and Service Innovations

3. Well-being and Health

4. Environment and Energy

5. Infrastructures and Security

6. Bio-expertise and Bio-society

7. Information and Communications

8. Understanding and Human Interaction

9. Materials

10. Global Economy

Source: www.finnsight2015.fi

2006

· Source: 19/06/2006‘FinnSight 2015', http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch?CALLER=EN_NEWS&ACTION=D&RCN=25837&DOC=2&CAT=NEWS&QUERY=1150733608365

2003-2007 FinnSight2015 www.finnsight2015.fi

· global risk management

· application of global knowledge and cultural know how in research and innovation activities

· critical global resources/assets like energy and environmental issues

· consideration of human and social factors

· ‘critical mass’ to bring about scientific and technological breakthroughs

Source: http://www.aka.fi/modules/upndown/download_upndownfile.asp?id=E940E9BC72CB48A997C6C68FCA0EDA4E&itemtype=UPNDOWNFILE

France

2005

· energy

· biodiversity

· ICT & nanotech

· Cancer

· Health

· Innovation

Source: Outlook of Science May 2005

· 2000

· Levenswetenschappen: post- en genomics, neurowetenschappen en ontwikkelingsbiologie; medische technologie; infectieziekten (‘VIHPAL’, AIDS & malaria),

· micro-biologie, prionen

· ITC:

· nanotechnologie

· logiciels’-productontwikkeling; cryptologie, databanken

· Nationale netwerken (5: stad, werk, school, kunst en technologie, cognitie-wetenschap

· aard- en ruimte wetenschap

Sources:

- 8,4 mrld ECU ; http://www.recherche.gouv.fr/recherche/finance/chiffre12.htm

- 43% beta, 25% leven en gezondheid, 23% sociale en humanoria, 8% aard en ruimte; http://www.recherche.gouv.fr/recherche/finance/chiffre10.htm

- “webu 1999/2000, see: http://www.recherche.gouv.fr/recherche/politic/cirst2.htm (22-8-2000)

G8

2008 on Global Health

- Infectious diseases (Developing Countries/UN)

- child & maternal health (Developed Countries/ private sector & NGOs)

- HRD health workers (Newly emerging donors/ Academia).

Source: www.g8summit.go.jp/doc/pdf/20080728_02.pdf

Germany

2005

Germany with Russia (April 2005)

nano-, bio- and microtechnologies, space, environmental, marine and polar research. Joint research institutes and laboratories are also foreseen, as...

Source http://dbs.cordis.lu/fep-cgi/srchidadb?ACTION=D&SESSION=222632005-4-14&DOC=5&TBL=EN_NEWS&RCN=EN_RCN_ID:23669&CALLER=EN_NEWS

2004

BMBF (ˆ 8.2 billion) may 2004

Key areas (insitutes):

- biotech

- Advanced materials

- Microsys.engeneering

- IT

- Lasertech

- Environmental tech

Prospective research in areas:

-enviornment

-energy

-climate

-ecology

-health

BMWA (ˆ 25.0 billion) may 2004

- ˆ 0.8 is earmarked vor R&D

(± half goes to SMEs)

FhG

· smartenvironments

· man-machine operation

· polytronics

· digital medicine

· rapid development of medication

· logistics

· integrated rapid production/processes

· adaptive strucures

· process & product modelling

· phototronics

· extreme ultrviolet nanoworld

· customised energy systems

(Source; Outlook science, feb.2004)

2002

· IT

· Sustainable development

· Biotechnology.

· Health & medicine

· Physical & chem. Tech;

· New materials;

· Production tech

· Transport;

· Optical science & engineering

· Space research

2001

· IT

· Biotech

· R&D-bestel

· i-content

· Lebenswissenschaften,

· Informationstechnologie,

· Mikrosystemtechnik oder Nanotechnologie."

Sources:

- http://www.bmbf.de/veroef01/bufo2000/index.html

- Ministerin Edelgard Bulmahn anlässlich der 2. Und 3. Lesung Haushalt am 1. Dezember 2000 in Berlin)

- Source: Bondsministerie onderwijs en Onderzoek, Bundesforschungs bericht 2000

India

2009

- Knowledge Applications in Agriculture

- Knowledge Applications for Enhancing

- Quality of Life

2008

- School Education

- Engineering Education

- More Talented Students in Maths and Science

- More Quality Ph. Ds

- Entrepreneurship

2007

- Health Information Network

- Portals

- Open Educational Resources

- Legal Education

- Medical Education

- Management Education

- Open and Distance Education

- Intellectual Property Rights

- Innovation

- l Traditional Health Systems

- Legal Framework for Public Funded Research

2006

- Libraries

- Translation

- l Language

- National Knowledge Network

- Right to Education

- Vocational Education & Training

- Higher Education

- National Science and Social Science Foundation

- E-governance

Source: "Report to the Nation 2006-2009", of the "National Knowledge Commission" of the "Government of India" (www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/downloads/report2009/eng/2_Overview.pdf in www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/reports/report09.asp)

Ireland

(KP6)

2002

· materials,

· advanced manufacturing and services

· green technologies program , the knowledge economy and citizen,

· biotechnology research genomics, bio-materials and nano-materials

· environment, energy and transport.

· the sustainable development of marine

Source: Article based on Ireland’s ‘Position Paper on Sixth Framework Programme; seehttp://www.cordis.lu/rtd2002

Italy

5/6/2007 Strategy: focus on technological priorities and spending funds. Five priorities

· materials,

· Energy Savings

· Sustainable Mobility

· Life Sciences

· New technology for ‘Made in Italy’ & Innovative technology for Cultural Heritage

Source: http://www.twanetwerk.nl/default.ashx?DocumentId=8715

2004 (24/11) Ministero per l’Innovazione e le Tecnologie

Priority areas for innovation:

· Healthcare;

· Toerism and Culture;

· Governmental processes;

· Enterprises

Source: Il Sole 24 ore (reported by NL-TWA)

2003

· bioscience&biotech

· nanometric tech (& nano-structured materials)

· ICT

Source: TechNews; jan. 2003; pg 38

Japan

2006 (200 mrd Euro)

· Life sciences

· IT

· Environment

· Nanotechnology & materials

Secundary:

· energy

· production technology

· infrastructure

· space research

· maritime research

Source; on 3^e S&T 5 year plan: ( http://www.twanetwerk.nl/default.ashx?DocumentID=6087

2002

· Life sciences

· ICT

· Environment

· Nanotechnology & materials

(29-8-2002)

Netherlands

2015

National Science and Research Diary

Citizens provided some 11,700 questions for science and research. These were clustered into 140 catogories and five chapters respectively, exposing 16 themes for networks to co operate upon.

The chapters:

People, environment and economy

Individual and society,

Diseases and health ,

Technology and society,

Building blocks of life.

The 16 themes:

1. Personalised medicine

2. Regenerative Medicine

3. Health , prevention and treatment

4. The origin of life - on Earth and in the Universe

5. Building blocks of matter and foundations of space and time

6. Resilient and meaningful societies

7. Between conflict and cooperation

8. Brains , cognition and behavior : to learn, develop and deploy

9. Big data use Responsibility - seeking patterns in large

databases

10. Smart industry

11. Smart, liveable cities

12. Circular economy and resource efficiency

13. Sustainable production of safe and healthy food

14. Art: research and innovation in the 21st century

15. Quality of the environment : the values ??of nature, landscape , soil,

climate , water and environment

16. Logistics and transportation in an energetic, innovative and sustainable

society

OCW	EZ		*NWO*		*TNO*		*Etc.*

2011/NL Captains of the team-ups of SME and research are appointed by Minister Verhagen (Economic, Agricultural affairs and Innovaliotn (EL&I): o Creative industry: o Logistics: o Greneries: o Agrofood : o Life sciences: o Energy: o Water: o Chemics: o High Tech: More info: www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/eleni/nieuws/2011/03/07/boegbeelden-topsectoren-bekend.html
*Dec. 2007* - ICT - Nanotechnologie - Lifesciences Research & Science Policy Agenda 2007: www.minocw.nl/documenten/48054a.pdf See also (in Dutch): Het Hoogste Goed Strategische agenda voor het hoger onderwijs-, onderzoek- en wetenschapsbeleid en Kennis in Kaart Kamerstuk \| 20-12-2007 \| · Brief Tweede Kamer Bijlage \| (33kB) 1. Bijlage: Het Hoogste Goed - deel 1 Bijlage \| (3MB) 2. Bijlage: Het Hoogste Goed - deel 2 Bijlage \| (4MB) 3. Bijlage: Het Hoogste Goed - deel 3 Bijlage \| (4.4 MB)		MIAs: 258 mln voor Energie, Gezondheid, Veiligheid, Water Bron: www.kennis-innovatie.nl (2009)		2007 -researcher’s mobility and freedom -focus and mass -research for society Source: Wetenschap gewaardeerd! NOW-strategie 2007-2010 (http://www.nwo.nl/nwohome.nsf/pages/NWOA_6PXJ9W)		2010 TNO Strategy & Change: www.strategyandchange.nl/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Strategy-Change_Visiestuk-incl-omslag.pdf 2009 Public safety Defence Healthy living Food Changing society Labour and ageing Accessibility Construction and spatial development Living with water Energy (management) Natural and built environment High-tech systems, processes and materials Source: www.tno.nl/content.cfm?context=overtno&content=overtno&item_id=30&Taal=2 Bron: Strategisch Plan TNO 2007-2010, verbonden door vernieuwing (http://www.tno.nl/tno/wie_we_zijn/strategie/tno_stratplan_2007_2010.pdf?__lang=nl)		*KNAW;* 2010 www.knaw.nl/publicaties/pdf/20101014.pdf 2007 -vitalising forum functionality KNAW -strengthening international cooperation between -universities & research organisations -strengthening research and technology communication Source: Duurzame wetenschap Strategisch Plan 2007-2010 (http://www.knaw.nl/publicaties/pdf/20061041.pdf)
*2005-2006*		EZ 2005 -Life sciences -ICT -katalysis & ‘ scheidingstechnologie’ -new materials, -micro- & nanotech, -sustainability -production techniques -innovation policy -entrepreneurship Source: TWA news 2005		Bron: http://www.d66kenniseconomie.nl/page/downloads/broch.pdf (over 2004-2006)
*MinOCW/WBu2004* · ICT · genomics/life sciences · nanotechnology · traffic & logistics management · water management · vitality big cities · energy · hoogwaardig ruimte gebruik http://www.minocw.nl/brief2k/2003/doc/40394b.pdf				*NWO (2004)* · Cultural heritage · Ethical & societal aspects of research & innovation · Government in motion · Cognition and behaviour · Fundaments of life processen · System Earth · Nano sciences · Digitising & information tech. · Emerging technologies Source: Thema’s met talent (NWO, 2003)				*KP7 (2007-20??)* · herbal genomics · medicine (applied biotech) · nano—electronics) · energy (PV, H2) · aeronautics (NEST news 55, 03, pg7)	Public and Private Research Priorities diverge. Enterprises are do more in process technology : http://www.cpb.nl/nl/news/2004_55.html
2003		*Min EZ* Innovatienota2003, aangekondigd: · ICT · Biotechnology · Katalyse · Nanotechnology		*NWO (2003)* · Cultural heritage · Ethical & societal aspects of research & innovation · Government in motion · Cognition and behaviour · Fundaments of life processen · System Earth · Nano sciences · Digitising & information tech. · Emerging technologies Source: Thema’s met talent (NWO, ?? 2002)		*TNO (2003)* · Quality of life · Defence & societal safety; · Advanced processes & Systems; · Duurzaam ruimtegebruik en Milieu; · ICT & services Source: Strategienota
				*NWO (2002)* · Cultural heritage · Ethical & societal aspects of research & innovation · Government in motion · Cognition and behaviour · Fundaments of life processen · System Earth · Nano sciences · Digitising & information tech. · Emerging technologies Source: Thema’s met talent (NWO, 2001)				*Netherlands-ICES3 (2002-2007)* · ICT · Spatial Usage · Sustainable systeeminnovations · Microsysteme- /nanotechnology · Health, food, gene and biotechnological breakthroughs (among which genomics).
*MinOCenW/WBu 2000* · Genomics · Nanotechnology; · Digitale Delta; · Watermanagement / Climate; · Migration / Integration (Large City Problems) Source: WeBu, Voorjaarsnota 2001 en begroting 2002				*NWO (2001)* · Cultural heritage · Ethical & societal aspects of research & innovation · Government in motion · Cognition and behaviour · Fundaments of life processen · System Earth · Nano sciences · Digitising & information tech. · Emerging technologies Source: Strategienota NWO, 2001-2005

Norway

2003 WeBu:
http://odin.dep.no/ufd/norsk/publ/stprp/045001-030004/index-hov003-b-n-a.html st.prp #1: 2002/2003

(Sorry. Lost some info here; will be retraced if possible.)

OECD

2010

· Empowering people to innovate

· Unleashing innovations

· Creating and applying knowledge

· Applying innovation to address global and social challenges

· Improving the governance and measurement of policies for innovation

www.oecd.org/dataoecd/51/28/45326349.pdf

Schotland

17/09/03

· energy

· comm.tech

· digitale medioa

See: http://dbs.cordis.lu/fep-cgi/srchidadb?ACTION=D&SESSION=215972003-9-19&DOC=14&TBL=EN_NEWS&RCN=EN_RCN_ID:20905&CALLER=EN_NEWS

Sweden

2008

· telecomindustry

· energy storage & distribution

· clean energy (artificial photosynthesis and nanotech for solar energy; new generation nuclear power; biofuels (that do not threaten food production))

Source: www.twanetwerk.nl/default.ashx?DocumentID=11052

2005

Extra: 256 million euro for

· medical research

· technological research

· sustainable development research

Source: Cordis: RCN: 23561; 23/03/05 Swedish government unveils its 'Research for a Better Life' proposals

2001

· biotechnologie en biol.wetenschap;

· informatie-technologie en IT research;

· materiaaltechn. /wetenschap

· milieu en duurzame ontwikkeling;

· humaniora en sociale wetenschap;

· onderwijskundige wetenschap;

· kunst;

· gezondheid en sociale dienstverlening onderzoek

Source: persbericht 27-10-2000 (samenvatting van Regeringswet 2000/01:3, noemt 8 prioriteitsgebieden

Switserland

2001

· Molecular oncology;

· frontiers in genetics;

· materialen met nieuwe elektronische eigenschappen;

· molecular lifesciences;

· nanosciences;

· quantum photonics;

· neural plasticity and repair;

· plant survival;

· computer-aided and image guided medical interventions

· climate variability, predictability and risk

Financieel beloopt elk van de 2001-2003 periodes een bedrag van 15,3 mln SFR (mol.oncologie) tot 8,2 mln (Climate) (note: Alle humaniora onderzoeksprogramma’s zijn geschrapt door het Min. voor hoger onderwijs.

Source: Times Higher; 23-02-01 (persbericht)

South Afrika

2003

· innovation, science, engieering, technology

· human resources & transformation

· creating an effective government

(Outlook Nov. 2002; http://www.dacst.gov.za/.)

Spain

JRC: 2001

Demand Driven Science and Technology Themes

· Knowledge Sciences & Technologies

· Health Sciences & Technologies

· Technologies for a Sustainable Economy

· Social Sciences in support of Building Europe

Cross-Cutting Science & Technology Enablers

· Gene Technologies

· Information and Communication Technologies

· Advanced Materials

· Nanoscience, Nano & Precision technologies

· Complexity and Complex Systems

· Fundamental Sciences

Source: http://priorities.jrc.es/FinalReport/finalrep-ver6_2.pdf

Taiwan

2002/3

· biotech & biomed.tech

· new materials/chem.tech

· energy/environ.tech.

· informatics/software tech.

· Telecom tech

· Micro-electr/micro-mecha.

Source: TechNews; jan.2003 pg 35

United Kingdom

2010

16/12/2009 Science Prioritisation Programme 2010-2015 - £2.4 billion investment strategy

· Particle physics

· Space science

· Ground-based astronomy

· Diamond Light Source and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)

· ISIS neutron-muon facility and the Institute Laue-Langevin

· Nuclear physics (NUSTAR project and university groups)

· High powered laser research (and Vulcan 10 PetaWatt laser upgrade)

www.stfc.ac.uk/pmc/prel/stfc/CouncilNews161209.aspx

23/6/2008 Key Technology Investment Areas

* advanced materials

* biosciences

* electronics, photonics and electrical systems

* nanotechnology

* high value manufacturing

* ICT

Source: www.innovateuk.org/_assets/pdf/corporate-publications/technology%20strategy%20board%20-%20connect%20and%20catalyse.pdf

22/11/2007 The six winning technologies span the breadth of the UK economy covering both the manufacturing and service sectors:

· •Carbon Capture and Storage - enabling coal and gas to be used for power generation without adding further to CO2 emissions;

· •Disaster Mitigation Technologies – predicting, preventing and responding to the impact of disasters such as earthquakes, tropical cyclones and flooding;

· •Plastic Electronics – developing a new generation of products, such as computing, sensors, flexible displays, solar cells and communication systems;

· •Low Carbon Distribution Networks for Electricity Supply – enabling and stimulating large-scale, local electricity generation by renewable and low carbon technologies;

· •Medical Devices – improving healthcare, targeting prevention, diagnosis, treatment and related technologies;

· •E-health – delivering and enhancing health services through the internet and related technologies.

Source: www2.cst.gov.uk/cst/news/Files/cstsfpressrelease.doc

2005/6-20007/2008

· Biotech (1 mrd pounds)

· Medical research (1.5 mrd pounds)

· Engineering and Physics (1.9 mrd pounds)

· Science transfer (308 mln pounds)

· Research laboratories (1.5 mrd pounds)

· Large Scale Facilities (210 mln pounds)

· DIAMOND Synchrotron source (95 mln pounds)

Source: www.ost.gov.uk/research/funding/budget05-08/index.htm and http://www.ost.gov.uk/research/funding/budget05-08/allocations.pdf

2002

· stem cell research;

· climate change

· plus the 2001 ereas:

2001

· genomics

· e-science

· basic technologies (nanotechnology, quantum computing and bio-engineering)

Sources:

- ALLOCATIONS OF THE SCIENCE BUDGET 1999-00 TO 2001-02.

- http://www.dti.gov.uk/ost/allosb9902/ALLBOOK2.html

- speech: Lord Sainsbury of Turville: The SATRO Network Annual Conference, Cheltenham Thursday, November 09, 2000 (See : http://www.dti.gov.uk/ministers/speeches/sainsbury091100.html )

USA

2016

· innovation

· health (alzheimer, cancer, brain, combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria, precision medicine)

· homegrown clean energy

· climate change

· stem skills (Understanding Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM))

www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_fact_sheet_2016_budget.pdf

2010

www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2010/02/03/innovation-and-budget

2008

Here are the Grand Challenges for Engineering as determined by a committee of the National Academy of Engineering:

· Make solar energy economical

· Provide energy from fusion

· Develop carbon sequestration methods

· Manage the nitrogen cycle

· Provide access to clean water

· Restore and improve urban infrastructure

· Advance health informatics

· Engineer better medicines

· Reverse-engineer the brain

· Prevent nuclear terror

· Secure cyberspace

· Enhance virtual reality

· Advance personalized learning

· Engineer the tools of scientific discovery

Source: www.engineeringchallenges.org/?ID=8996

2006

· space

· homeland security

· "the President proposes to hold nondefense discretionary spending flat for the third year in a row; after factoring in increases for international aid and homeland security, domestic non-security spending overall would fall in FY 2006 by 1 percent. Defense spending would increase modestly compared to previous years, ….. Federal R&D investment mirrors these overall trends, with a modest increase in defense development and substantial increases for homeland security and space exploration R&D, offset by cuts for most other R&D programs.

Source: http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd/prel06p.htm (via TWA)

Financial analyses: PRIO USA of 2004 ; www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf06315/

2005

· R&D for terrorism

· Nanotech

· Network&IT R&D

· Molecualr Life science

· Environment & energy

http://www.ostp.gov/html/OSTP-OMB%20Memo.pdf
DARPA

· Detection, precision identification, tracking, and destruction of elusive targets

· Location and characterization of underground structures

· Networked manned and unmanned systems

· Robust, secure self-forming tactical networks

· Cognitive computing

· Assured use of space

· Bio-revolution

· Urban area operations

Source: according to a 2005 report (www.darpa.mil/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=1771)

SCIENCE’s 125^th aniversary

Science’s "big questions" by T. Ryan Gregory, on May 28th, 2007 www.genomicron.evolverzone.com/2007/05/sciences-big-questions/; refering to 1/5/2005 What Don't We Know? Donald Kennedy, Colin Norman: Scientists should have a good shot at answering the questions over the next 25 years, or they should at least know how to go about answering them. We intended simply to choose 25 of these suggestions and turn them into a survey of the big questions facing science. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/309/5731/101.full, the questions are:

· What Is the Universe Made Of?

· What Is the Biological Basis of Consciousness?

· Why Do Humans Have So Few Genes?

· To What Extent Are Genetic Variation and Personal Health Linked?

· Can the Laws of Physics Be Unified?

· How Much Can Human Life Span Be Extended?

· What Controls Organ Regeneration?

· How Can a Skin Cell Become a Nerve Cell?

· How Does a Single Somatic Cell Become a Whole Plant?

· How Does Earth’s Interior Work?

· Are We Alone in the Universe?

· How and Where Did Life on Earth Arise?

· What Determines Species Diversity?

· What Genetic Changes Made Us Uniquely Human?

· How Are Memories Stored and Retrieved?

· How Did Cooperative Behavior Evolve?

· How Will Big Pictures Emerge From a Sea of Biological Data?

· How Far Can We Push Chemical Self-Assembly?

· What Are the Limits of Conventional Computing?

· Can We Selectively Shut Off Immune Responses?

· Do Deeper Principles Underlie Quantum Uncertainty and Nonlocality?

· Is an Effective HIV Vaccine Feasible?

· How Hot Will the Greenhouse World Be?

· What Can Replace Cheap Oil–and When?

· Will Malthus Continue to Be Wrong?

(The other 100 questions are listed here: www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/309/5731/78b).

Source: www.genomicron.evolverzone.com/2007/05/sciences-big-questions/

2004

· defence
homeland security

· physical sciences

· Multi agency iniatives

· nanotech

· networking & IT

· global change

http://www.nsf.gov/bfa/bud/fy2004/toc.htm

2003-2008; Biocomplexity in the Environment (BE)

· Human and Social Dynamics (HSD)

· Information Technology Research (ITR)

· Mathematical Sciences

· Nanoscale Science and Engineering

· Workforce for the 21st Century

NSFStrategic Plan http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=nsf04201

2003

· Klimaat/Energie

· Nanotechnology

· Veiligheid

2001

· Nano-technologie;

· Informatie Technologie;

· Transport-R&D

· Space science

Note: verhouding publiek-privaat=1:3; was in 1989 nog ± 1:1

Source: Het AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science, analyseerde het USA-S&T-beleid in) Science and Technology Yearbook (feb) 2001.

See : http://www.aaas.org/spp/dspp/rd/yrbk01.htm

WORLD WIDE

Science Academies of the G8+5 (10/6/2008)

· Climate Change

· Global Health Challenges

www.nationalacademies.org/morenews/20080610.html

ISCU www.iscu.org inventory of 19 countries Nov. 2002:

· genetic modification food & crops

· new/renewable clean energy sources

· human genetics & funct. Genetics;

· telecare

· biodiversity

· water recycling & watersaving / efficiency technology

PAST PROVEN PRIORITIES

· Proven productivity 1995-1999: see at www.cordis.lu pg 288 fig. 5.2.9 of Third S&T Indicators 2003 (Source was ftp://ftp.cordis.lu/pub/indicators/docs/3rd_report.pdf)

· Calendar of yearly Monitors, Indicators & Benchmarks (Kalender van jaarlijkse monitoren, indicatoren & ‘benchmarks’)

· Industrial R&D. In 2005 for the USA see R&D Magazine jan 2005 (www.rdmag.nl) R&D Funding forecast 2005 (considering 2004 spending !) pg F4 tells: 70% of all R&D (pg F7: approximately 132.2 bln US$) goes to: aerospace (6.36 bln), automotive (27 bln), biopharmaceutical (30 bln), chemical (13.5 bln), information technology (IT 15.5 bln), semiconductors(20bln)-software(20bln) and telecommunications (22 bln)

Compared to 2004 EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard; EU ’s industrial R&D: 2/3 is spent in automotive (24%), biopharmaceuticals (17%), information technology (12%) electronic equipment (10%) For the record; R&D Magazine September 2006 (Global R&D report 2006; pG1-17)) forecasts 2006 & compares only international world wide gross spending, no details concerning priorities.

E.g. Questions

In 2014 /2015as 2000/2001 it appeared that “ALL” countries had the same (three & in the same order) priorities: biotechnology, IT and ‘genomics’/life sciences. (And the non leading countries following this “example”.) Is this an efficient approach? Or will that lead to, say 14 losers (fate sharing with the non leading countries) that could have been winners in 14 other (different) priorities? Is it possible to run simulations on some alternative priority configurations?

Related questions for simulations might be:

· Is there a minimal investment required to “produce” breakthrough results in (a particular field of) science? How comparable is a 10 million (dollar/euro/whatever) priority of a 10 million people country to a 100 million priority of a 100 million people country? Or is science in a small country better of by a 100 million adoption of the 11^th priority of a big country while in exchange their researchers may equally participate in Big’s 10 other priorities, instead of dividing its 100 million over ten 10 million priorities of its own?

· Is bluntly ‘barging in’ a priority with 100 mln (dollar/euro/whatever) a wise thing to do? Or should one 100 mln be reserved to test the potential of ten perhaps tomorrows priorities? Is there a methodology for that? (No.) Good practice? (No.) Or should the required human resource capacity be built tomorrow to accommodated the priorities of the day after tomorrow? And how about the (large scale) facilities and a structure of organisations and institutes for all that prioritised research? Quality control? Output performance? What’s to be learnt from “Star Lab formulas”? Etc. Etc.

Comments 2005/2006

It appears that countries have dropped the habit of –openly– announcing research priority X or Y (content). Attention appears to focus on research (and innovation) ‘process’ and its preconditions. If ‘content’ is referred to, it is more likely that it is expressed in terms of UN millennia objectives or the major global issues mankind has to deal with in the near future.

OCW

JRC: 2001

Demand Driven Science and Technology Themes

Cross-Cutting Science & Technology Enablers

E.g. Questions